The authors of this paper report on their efforts to develop a simple, quick HPLC–MS-MS method suitable for multiple matrices that could detect oxycodone and its major metabolites, noroxycodone and oxymorphone; the authors describe their validation of the novel oxycodone detection method, and present the application of this method for in vivo and in vitro metabolism studies of oxycodone to noroxycodone and oxymorphone in humans.
The opioid analgesic oxycodone is widely abused and increasingly associated with overdose deaths. A sensitive analytical method was developed for oxycodone and its metabolites, noroxycodone and oxymorphone, in human plasma, urine (±enzymatic hydrolysis at 50°C for 16 h) and liver microsomes (HLMs). Liquid–liquid extraction was followed by high-performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. The calibration range was 0.2–250 ng/mL for plasma and HLM and 10–5000 ng/mL for urine. Intra- and interrun accuracies were within 13.3 percent of target; precisions were within 12.8 percent for all matrices. Recoveries from plasma were: oxycodone, 75.6 percent; noroxycodone, 37.4 percent and oxymorphone, 18.2 percent. Analytes exhibited room temperature stability in plasma and urine up to 24 h, and freeze–thaw stability in plasma up to three cycles. In 24-h hydrolyzed urine from subjects administered intranasal oxycodone (30 mg/70 kg, n = 5), mean concentrations (ng/mL) and % daily doses excreted were: oxycodone, 1150, 6.53 percent; noroxycodone, 1330, 7.81 percent; and oxymorphone, 3000, 17.1 percent. Oxycodone incubated with HLM produced more noroxycodone than oxymorphone. With a panel of recombinant human cytochrome P450s (CYPs), CYP2C18 and CYP3A4 produced the most noroxycodone, whereas CYP2D6 produced the most oxymorphone. These results demonstrate a new method suitable for both in vivo and in vitro metabolism and pharmacokinetic studies of oxycodone. (Publisher Abstract Provided)
Downloads
Similar Publications
- Reproductive Coercion and Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration Among Young Adult Males
- “I’m a security professional, a counselor, a leader, and sometimes a father figure”: Transformative social emotional learning through the eyes of school security professionals
- Social Network Analysis and Its Applications to School Psychology: A Tutorial