GeoFOR: A collaborative forensic taphonomy database for estimating the postmortem interval

• NCJ Number: 308448
• Journal: Forensic Science International Volume: 355 Dated: February 2024
• Author(s): Katherine E Weisensee; Cristina I. Tica; Madeline M. Atwell; Carl Ehrett; D. Hudson Smith; Patricia Carbajales-Dale; Patrick Claflin; Noah Nisbet
• Date Published: 2024
• Length: 12 pages
• Grant Number(s): 2020-DQ-BX-0025
• Agencies: NIJ-Sponsored
• Publication Type: Research (Applied/Empirical)
• Award: GIS Application for Building a Nationally Representative Forensic Taphonomy Database

Annotation

This paper discusses a collaborative forensic taphonomy database for predicting the postmortem interval.

Abstract

This paper introduces geoFOR, a web-based collaborative application that utilizes ArcGIS and machine learning to deliver improved PMI predictions. Accurately assessing the postmortem interval (PMI), or the time since death, remains elusive within forensic science research and application. The geoFOR application provides a standardized, collaborative forensic taphonomy database that gives practitioners a readily available tool to enter case information that automates the collection of environmental data and delivers a PMI prediction using statistically robust methods. After case submission, the cross-validating machine learning PMI predictive model results in a R² value of 0.82. Contributors receive a predicted PMI with an 80% confidence interval. The geoFOR database currently contains 2529 entries from across the U.S. and includes cases from medicolegal investigations and longitudinal studies from human decomposition facilities. The authors present the overall findings of the data collected so far and compare results from medicolegal cases and longitudinal studies to highlight previously poorly understood limitations involved in the difficult task of PMI estimation. This novel approach for building a reference dataset of human decomposition is forensically and geographically representative of the realities in which human remains are discovered which allows for continual improvement of PMI estimations as more data is captured. The authors’ goal is that the geoFOR data repository follow the principles of Open Science and be made available to forensic researchers to test, refine, and improve PMI models. Mass collaboration and data sharing can ultimately address enduring issues associated with accurately estimating the PMI within medicolegal death investigations. (Published Abstract Provided)