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Detection of Ignitable Liquid Residues in Fire Debris by Using Direct Analysis in RealTime Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS)

NCJ Number
309916
Date Published
2024
Length
82 pages
Annotation

This project report contributes to the advancement of forensic analytical techniques for detecting ignitable liquid residues by expanding on the limited research on methods, beyond the conventional GC/MS, for analyzing those ignitable liquid residues in a forensic context.

Abstract

This paper reports on a project that used DART-MS to detect less-volatile components in ignitable liquid (IL) residues and applied multivariate statistical methods to enhance the discrimination of different ILs across various substrates and fire debris samples. The detection of less-volatile compounds in IL residues is especially relevant for arson investigations since it helps identify or narrow down potential ILs. Less-volatile residues such as glycol ethers, heavy hydrocarbons, and fuel additives, are fairly prevalent in various ILs, and this paper describes the identification of less-volatile marker compounds and the development of extraction methods for targeting those markers. The method reported in this paper revealed less-volatile markers in IL residues which significantly enhanced the evidentiary value of the samples. DART-MS provided complementary data on less-volatile chemicals such as ion clusters for fuel additives, offering orthogonal insights that enhanced the existing GC/MS methodology. 

Date Published: January 1, 2024