School resource officers (SRO)

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Blurred and Confused: The Paradox of Police in Schools

Journal

Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice

Date Published

December 2020

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

School Resource Officers and Exclusionary Discipline in U.S. High Schools: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Journal

Adolescent Research Review

Date Published

June 2015

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Program/Project Evaluation

The Impact of School Police Reform on Student Safety and School Experiences: Final Summary Report

Date Published

January 2026

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical), Legislation/Policy Analysis

Decriminalizing or reassembling schools? Implications of removing police from schools for racial and ethnic disparities in criminal justice system contact

Journal

Social Problems

Date Published

October 2025

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

How Should We Identify and Intervene With Youth at Risk of Joining Gangs? A Developmental Approach for Children Ages 0-12

Date Published

2013

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Issue Overview, Instructional Material

On the Front Lines: Case Studies of Policing in America's Cities

Date Published

1992

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Program/Project Evaluation

Celebrating 10 Years of NIJ’s Law Enforcement Advancing Data and Science (LEADS) Scholars Program - 2024 NIJ Research Conference

September 2024

In 2014, NIJ established the Law Enforcement Advancing Data and Science (LEADS) Scholars Program to support research-minded, mid-career sworn law enforcement officers working to integrate research into agency policy and practice. The LEADS Scholars Program helps participants develop independent research and provides support to identify current evidence on priority issues.

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Webinar Transcript: NIJ FY 2024 Research and Evaluation on School Safety

Deadline Notice

The deadline to complete and submit an application for the solicitation discussed below has passed.

This webinar provided information on the NIJ FY 2024 Research and Evaluation on School Safety solicitation. In collaboration with BJA, this solicitation will seek applications for rigorous research and evaluation projects to fill knowledge gaps in two topical areas:

1. Studies on the root causes and consequences of school...

Research and Evaluation on School Safety: Perceptions of State School Safety Center Supports and Services

Date Published

2023

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

The Third Administrator? Perceptions of School Resource Officers in Predominantly White Elementary Schools

Journal

Educational Administration Quarterly

Date Published

2023

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

Teacher Perceptions of School Resource Officers and Associations with School Safety

Journal

Journal of School Violence

Date Published

2023

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

“I’m a security professional, a counselor, a leader, and sometimes a father figure”: Transformative social emotional learning through the eyes of school security professionals

Journal

American Journal of Community Psychology

Date Published

2023

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

Understanding the Quality and Perceived Impacts of SRO Training: An Evaluation of the Largest National Training Provider for School Police

15PNIJ-23-GG-02605-MUMU

Open

Funding First Awarded

2023

$999,604

School Safety or School Criminalization? The Typical day of A School Resource Officer in the United States

Journal

The British Journal of Criminology

Date Published

May 2022

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

The Alignment Between Community Policing and the Work of School Resource Officers

Journal

Police Quarterly

Date Published

2022

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

"A social worker... teacher...principal - we're everybody": The School Police Officer Role in Schools

Journal

Journal of School Violence

Date Published

2022

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

Student Perceptions of School Resource Officers and Threat Reporting

Journal

Journal of School Violence

Date Published

2022

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

Perceptions of Officer Roles in School Resource Officer Programs

Journal

Leadership and Policy in Schools

Date Published

February 2023

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

Making Schools Safer and/or Creating a Pipeline to Prison: A Study of North Carolina Schools

Date Published

June 2021

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical), Program/Project Evaluation

Training School Resource Officers to Improve School Climate and Student Safety Outcomes

Date Published

2019

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical)

Assessing a School Justice and Behavioral Health Collaborative Approach to Improving School Safety

Date Published

December 2021

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Program/Project Evaluation

Why and When Do School Resource Officers Engage in School Discipline? The Role of Context in Shaping Disciplinary Involvement

Journal

American Journal of Education

Date Published

2019

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical), Program/Project Evaluation, Program/Project Description

Bridging the Gap: School Resource Officers as Bridge Builders in the Community Policing Era

Journal

Journal of Crime & Justice

Date Published

2019

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical), Program/Project Description

Effects of School Resource Officers on School Crime and Responses to School Crime

Journal

Criminology & Public Policy

Date Published

2020

Agencies

NIJ-Sponsored

Publication Type

Research (Applied/Empirical), Program/Project Evaluation

The Science of School Safety

Date Published

August 2022

Agencies

NIJ

Publication Type

Issue Overview