Since few comprehensive approaches to school safety have been rigorously evaluated, the current study addressed this research gap by evaluating the implementation and effects of the Safe Communities Safe Schools (SCSS) comprehensive school safety framework.
Forty-six middle schools received SCSS within a staggered randomized implementation design. Implementation data, classroom observations, staff and student perceptions of school climate, student attendance/truancy, suspension rates, and academic test scores indicated that schools implemented some SCSS components as intended. Mixed impacts were found on school climate, student behavior, and academic outcomes. Findings suggest that implementation data highlight barriers to bringing interventions to scale and comprehensive interventions produce changes sequentially. The evaluation concludes that comprehensive frameworks hold promise for building staff capacity and the necessary infrastructure to reduce school violence but require engagement and commitment of key staff and sufficient time for change to occur. (publisher abstract modified)
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